Major blood vessels (aorta and pulmonary artery) are reversed – leads to low oxygen levels as blood goes to the wrong places.
Pulmonary artery gets oxygenated blood and the aorta receives deoxygenated blood. It should be the other way around.
The right side of the heart is not strong enough to pump blood to the entire body – increased workload leads to a weakened heart.
There are different types of transposition of great vessels with slightly different placements and openings that result in blood mixing.
The child must have a certain other heart defect as well if this defect is present – these other defects compensate for the transposition of great vessels as oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mix.